Journal: The Lancet. Public health
1613
Dietary carbohydrate intake and mortality: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis
- OPEN
- The Lancet. Public health
- Published over 1 year ago
- Discuss
Low carbohydrate diets, which restrict carbohydrate in favour of increased protein or fat intake, or both, are a popular weight-loss strategy. However, the long-term effect of carbohydrate restriction on mortality is controversial and could depend on whether dietary carbohydrate is replaced by plant-based or animal-based fat and protein. We aimed to investigate the association between carbohydrate intake and mortality.
537
Menstrual cup use, leakage, acceptability, safety, and availability: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- OPEN
- The Lancet. Public health
- Published 5 months ago
- Discuss
Girls and women need effective, safe, and affordable menstrual products. Single-use products are regularly selected by agencies for resource-poor settings; the menstrual cup is a less known alternative. We reviewed international studies on menstrual cup leakage, acceptability, and safety and explored menstrual cup availability to inform programmes.
515
The projected timeframe until cervical cancer elimination in Australia: a modelling study
- OPEN
- The Lancet. Public health
- Published about 1 year ago
- Discuss
In 2007, Australia was one of the first countries to introduce a national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme, and it has since achieved high vaccination coverage across both sexes. In December, 2017, organised cervical screening in Australia transitioned from cytology-based screening every 2 years for women aged from 18-20 years to 69 years, to primary HPV testing every 5 years for women aged 25-69 years and exit testing for women aged 70-74 years. We aimed to identify the earliest years in which the annual age-standardised incidence of cervical cancer in Australia (which is currently seven cases per 100โ000 women) could decrease below two annual thresholds that could be considered to be potential elimination thresholds: a rare cancer threshold (six new cases per 100โ000 women) or a lower threshold (four new cases per 100โ000 women), since Australia is likely to be one of the first countries to reach these benchmarks.
468
Low-level lead exposure and mortality in US adults: a population-based cohort study
- OPEN
- The Lancet. Public health
- Published over 1 year ago
- Discuss
Lead exposure is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease mortality, but the number of deaths in the USA attributable to lead exposure is poorly defined. We aimed to quantify the relative contribution of environmental lead exposure to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and ischaemic heart disease mortality.
446
Emerging cancer trends among young adults in the USA: analysis of a population-based cancer registry
- OPEN
- The Lancet. Public health
- Published 10 months ago
- Discuss
Cancer trends in young adults, often under 50 years, reflect recent changes in carcinogenic exposures, which could foreshadow the future overall disease burden. Previous studies reported an increase in early onset colorectal cancer, which could partly reflect the obesity epidemic. We examined age-specific contemporary incidence trends in the USA for 30 common cancers, including 12 obesity-related cancers.
423
Contribution of alcohol use disorders to the burden of dementia in France 2008-13: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
- OPEN
- The Lancet. Public health
- Published almost 2 years ago
- Discuss
Dementia is a prevalent condition, affecting 5-7% of people aged 60 years and older, and a leading cause of disability in people aged 60 years and older globally. We aimed to examine the association between alcohol use disorders and dementia risk, with an emphasis on early-onset dementia (<65 years).
302
Forecasting the care needs of the older population in England over the next 20 years: estimates from the Population Ageing and Care Simulation (PACSim) modelling study
- OPEN
- The Lancet. Public health
- Published over 1 year ago
- Discuss
Existing models for forecasting future care needs are limited in the risk factors included and in the assumptions made about incoming cohorts. We estimated the numbers of people aged 65 years or older in England and the years lived in older age requiring care at different intensities between 2015 and 2035 from the Population Ageing and Care Simulation (PACSim) model.
286
Gender differentials and state variations in suicide deaths in India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2016
- OPEN
- The Lancet. Public health
- Published about 1 year ago
- Discuss
A systematic understanding of suicide mortality trends over time at the subnational level for India’s 1ยท3 billion people, 18% of the global population, is not readily available. Thus, we aimed to report time trends of suicide deaths, and the heterogeneity in its distribution between the states of India from 1990 to 2016.
219
Effect of cannabis use in people with chronic non-cancer pain prescribed opioids: findings from a 4-year prospective cohort study
- OPEN
- The Lancet. Public health
- Published over 1 year ago
- Discuss
Interest in the use of cannabis and cannabinoids to treat chronic non-cancer pain is increasing, because of their potential to reduce opioid dose requirements. We aimed to investigate cannabis use in people living with chronic non-cancer pain who had been prescribed opioids, including their reasons for use and perceived effectiveness of cannabis; associations between amount of cannabis use and pain, mental health, and opioid use; the effect of cannabis use on pain severity and interference over time; and potential opioid-sparing effects of cannabis.
179
Temporal changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and risk of dementia incidence and mortality: a population-based prospective cohort study
- OPEN
- The Lancet. Public health
- Published about 1 month ago
- Discuss
Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with risk of dementia, but whether temporal changes in cardiorespiratory fitness influence the risk of dementia incidence and mortality is still unknown. We aimed to study whether change in estimated cardiorespiratory fitness over time is associated with change in risk of incident dementia, dementia-related mortality, time of onset dementia, and longevity after diagnosis in healthy men and women at baseline.