Bone regeneration by polyhedral microcrystals from silkworm virus
OPEN Scientific reports | 12 Dec 2012
G Matsumoto, T Ueda, J Shimoyama, H Ijiri, Y Omi, H Yube, Y Sugita, K Kubo, H Maeda, Y Kinoshita, DG Arias, J Shimabukuro, E Kotani, S Kawamata and H Mori
Abstract
Bombyx mori cypovirus is a major pathogen which causes significant losses in silkworm cocoon harvests because the virus particles are embedded in micrometer-sized protein crystals called polyhedra and can remain infectious in harsh environmental conditions for years. But the remarkable stability of polyhedra can be applied on slow-release carriers of cytokines for tissue engineering. Here we show the complete healing in critical-sized bone defects by bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) encapsulated polyhedra. Although absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) safely and effectively delivers recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) into healing tissue, the current therapeutic regimens release rhBMP-2 at an initially high rate after which the rate declines rapidly. ACS impregnated with BMP-2 polyhedra had enough osteogenic activity to promote complete healing in critical-sized bone defects, but ACS with a high dose of rhBMP-2 showed incomplete bone healing, indicating that polyhedral microcrystals containing BMP-2 promise to advance the state of the art of bone healing.
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- Bombyx mandarina, Healing, Bone, Bombyx, Bombycidae, Extracellular matrix, Collagen, Bombyx mori
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